• 
  
• Frontline: The Cigarette Papers
  
• UK: Major Tobacco Multinational Implicated In Cigarette Smuggling, Tax Evasion, Documents Show
  
• MINNESOTA Documents
  
• COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE Tobacco Documents
  
• tobaccoresolution.com (Now tobaccoarchives.com)
  
• BROWN & WILLIAMSON Secret Tobacco Papers
  
• MANGINI v. R.J. REYNOLDS Tobacco Company Collection
  
• TOBACCO EXPLAINED: The Truth About The Tobacco Industry In Its Own Words--ASH UK
  
• AUSTRALIAN Tobacco Industry Documents
  
• The Y-1 Papers

Part I: About the Documents

• 12/20/99 Tobacco Control Secret Documents Tim Filler's fine compilation of population links.
  
  
• Archive of "Secret" Document News articles Tobacco BBS
  
  
• 3/22/99 Papers Written about the Industry Documents Smokescreen has made these papers even more potent, with convenient links to the documents discussed.
  • 11/98 Special Issue: The Tobacco Papers (December, 1998) by Robert Weissman, Multinational Monitor
    
    
    I. Meet the Tobacco Papers Where the Tobacco Papers Come From, How to Locate Them, and What's Missing II. Buying Votes, Buying Friends: Tobacco Industry Political Influence A. From Head to Toe: Big Tobacco's Political Stratagems B. Tobacco's Astroturf C. Unlikely Friends III. Big Tobacco and the Law A. Tobacco & The Campaign for Tort Deform B. Preemption Obsession IV. Big Tobacco Goes Global A. Assault on the Third World B. Philip Morris in China C. The USTR Connection SMOKING GUNS I: Marketing To Kids SMOKING GUNS II: Nicotine Manipulation
    
    
  • 3/22/99 Industry Recruitment of Scientific Experts (February 1999) by Norbert Hirschhorn, MD
• 04/25/98 Records Are There - If You Can Find Them USA Today
  
  Ultimately a road map to the site may emerge, but it may be too late to have much effect on the fate of a major tobacco policy bill pending in Congress.
  
  
• The Cigarette Papers Online The preface and first chapter have unrestricted access allowing potential subscribers to review the product prior to purchase. The web address includes an order form and further information about the product. Questions about The Cigarette Papers Online can be sent to the following email address: cigadmin@library.ucsf.edu

Part II: Document "Populations" and Meta-Search Sites

There are many researchers at work presently, examining the tobacco documents. The National Cancer Institute, the American Legacy Foundation, and the American Cancer Society, among others, are funding this work. Contact those already at work to see what additional resources these projects are developing, and what potential for collaboration exists. A Guide to Administering Tobacco Document Projects will soon be available from the (US) National Cancer Institute. Contact Dr Michele Bloch (blochm@mail.nih.gov) to obtain a copy or for information on the NCI Program Announcement, "Review and Analysis of Tobacco Industry Documents" (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-01-063.html).

The Legacy National Tobacco Documents Library offers searching, viewing, and downloading of over 20 million documents, which relate to scientific research, manufacturing, marketing, advertising and sales of cigarettes, among other topics, generally dating from the 1950's to recent years. These documents represent the contents of tobacco industry websites as of July 1999; newer material will be added to this library over time.

The following collections are available for reference use at the UCSF Library & Center for Knowledge Management, Archives & Special Collections. For information about making an appointment, see the Archives and Special Collections page. These collections include organizational records and personal papers ( Electronic Finding Aids provided through the Online Archive of California at the California Digital Library) as well as tobacco industry documents (through the UCSF Galen II Digital Library)

• USC Tobacco Industry Monitoring Project Collection
• Tobacco Projects at USC The University of Southern California is deeply involved in tobacco-related research studies with some 47 grants. Four of these are described here.
  • Statewide Hispanic/Latino Tobacco Education Network
  • Project Towards No Tobacco Use (TNT) /Project EX /Project Towards No Drug Abuse
  • The Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center (TTURC)
  • Tobacco Use Prevention And Cessation Programs

"Knowledge of Health Effects" These court-released internal industry documents demonstrate industry knowledge of the serious and deadly health effects of tobacco use: * 1953: Smoking Linked to Lung Cancer * 1961: 38 Cancer-Causing Chemicals in Smoke * 1964: Super Lark -- Less Carcinogenic * 1966: Cigarette Smoke Contains Radioactive Polonium-210 * 1969: Acknowledged Higher Smoker Death Rate * 1979: Smokers Die Sooner, Cost Less * 1980: Method to Eliminate Radioactivity is Expensive * 1982: "Chew" Linked to Cancer * 1986: Cancelled the Development of "Safe" Cigarette * 1987: Coumarin Additive Dangerous (Carcinogen) * 1988: Secondhand Smoke Harms Kids * 1993: Artificial Reduction of Tar Levels * 1994: Dioxin in Secondhand Smoke

• Chronologies From ASH London. EXCELLENT organization of documents, first by subject, then by date. Extremely useful overviews.
• 01/05/23 Trust Us -- We're the Tobacco Industry Ross Hammond and Andy Rowell, CTFK and ASH-London
  
  This is a concise guide to the millions of pages of confidential tobacco industry documents released through litigation in the United States. Quotes from the documents are organised by subject category with many links to the documents on internet sites. The documents reveal the truth about what was going on behind closed doors in the tobacco companies and how they said one thing in public, and something quite different in private. Having been confronted with hundreds of documents that were impossible to explain away, the companies have tried to distance themselves from the past. The epilogue addresses the companies' new argument that "we've changed!" We show that the supposed change is cosmetic - no more than skin-deep public relations.
  
  
• Tobacco Explained: the truth about the tobacco industry in its own words
  
  This has two main publications within it: a 70 page compendium report and a series of longer chronologies totalling about 1,200 quotes. Tobacco Explained is grouped under seven headings: tobacco and health, nicotine addiction, marketing to children, advertising, passive smoking, cigarette design, emerging markets. The chronologies are at: http://www.ash.org.uk/papers/chronologies.html
• Big Tobacco and Women: what the tobacco industry thinks about women....in its own words This is a supplement to Tobacco Explained dealing with how the tobacco companies regard women
• Low tar: Why low-tar cigarettes don't work and how the tobacco industry fooled the smoking public
  
  This is a collection of quotes relating to low tar cigarettes and smoker compensation showing that the industry knew that low-tar cigarettes would provide false health reassurance and designed their cigarettes to enable smokers to compensate for reduced tar/nicotine by smoking differently or blocking filter ventilation holes. 20 year old insights from the tobacco industry that are only now accepted in the health mainstream.
• Project Whitecoat: how Philip Morris creates and orchestrates controversy about passive smoking
  
  This product has images of original documents which show how Philip Morris orchestrated a huge PR campaign 'Project Whitecoat' which involved recruiting scientists ('Whitecoats') to create distracting controversies around passive smoking. They infiltrated the Lancet, established learned societies and launched an academic journal. This was Philip Morris attempt to buy up just about everyone they could find in Europe capable of credibly misleading the public about passive smoking. Oddly enough, these are mostly NOT posted on the PM web site - they came from the US House of Representative's Commerce Committee privileged documents site.
  
  
• ASH/ Industry conduct
  
  The tobacco industry has denied, distracted and lied to Governments and to the public since the 1950s. Whether it is about cancer, passive smoking, advertising targeted at children, or its role in smuggling tobacco around the world - find out exactly how one of the most despicable industries in history has handled itself. This section reveals the dirty tricks and real truth about what goes on inside the tobacco industry.
• Formula One - the world's most dangerous sport
  
  This is a case made to the FIA (governing body of F1) to phase out tobacco sponsorship using extract from te documents.
• The safer cigarette: what the tobacco industry could do (...and why it hasn't done it)
  
  This is the ASH review of 57 harm-reducing patents for tobacco products. This report has hot links to the original patents.

The documents below, many of them from previously secret tobacco industry archives, explain in more detail why “light” and “mild” are highly misleading descriptors when used on cigarettes — descriptors that contribute to thousands of deaths every year.

These court-released documents show the industry efforts to confuse or obscure the scientific discussion about the effects of tobacco:
• 1972: Publish and Distribute Confusing Studies
• 1975: Documented Control of Scientists
• 1987: Formed CIAR to Cloud SHS Science
• 1988: Multi-Corporate "Whitecoat" Project
• 1990: Formed S&T to Cloud SHS Science
• 1993: $1.6 million Budget for Scientific Tactics
• 1994: TASSC Formed to Cloud SHS Science

These court-released documents demonstrate the industry's opposition to public health protections against the dangers of secondhand smoke:
• 01/03/22 1977: Formed Tobacco Action Network for local opposition
• 1979: Developed "Quotes" for Local Hearings
• 1985: Smoking Bans cost industry $233M (2000 equivalent: $1B)
• 1987: Plan to Combat Clean Indoor Air Laws
• 1989: Public Smoking Hearing Readiness Tools
• 1991: Developed "Accommodation" Strategy
• 1992: Clean Indoor Air Laws Hurt Industry
• 1993: Philip Morris-Chelsea Contract to Fight Clean Air
• 1993: Project "BRASS" Plan to Combat ETS Issue
• 1994: Philip Morris Prioritizes and Plans Preemption Tactic
• 1994: Philip Morris Uses Convenience Store Assn as Monitors
• 1994: "Smoking Ban Biggest Challenge"
• 1994: Philip Morris Opposes OSHA CIA Regulations
• 1994: PM's Global Plan to Stop Restrictions
• 1994: PM: Workplace Restrictions Quadruple Quit Rate to 20%
• 1995: Philip Morris Plan to Use Hospitality Industry
• 2000: Philip Morris-Backed NSA Opposes in Central Point, Oregon
• 2000: PM, RJR, B&W, and Lorillard Oppose Casper, Wyoming

This web-site is the home of tobacco industry documents relating to their operations in Canada, and is a specialty site for documents from BAT (British America Tobacco) and its subsidiaries obtained from BAT's document depository in Guildford, near London, England.

• The Canadian Tobacco Manufacturers Council (CTMC) - and its predecessors - and their response to public issues
• History of Tobacco In Canada
  
  The way the tobacco companies tell the story, "keep 'em talking" seems to have been the operating principle behind their strategies to prevent legislation and regulation over tobacco products.
• "Light" Cigarettes documents
• The Burning Cigarette
• Marketing to Youth: 9 Secret Documents [LINK DEAD] Unfortunately, tobaccopapers.org provides their documents only in the obstructive PDF format, which cannot be turned to text without huge payments to Adobe. TIFF documents are a universal, non-commercial file format which may quickly and inexpensively be converted to searchable text.
  

These documents represent a small subset of a print collection of over 8 million pages of documents from the British-American Tobacco Company (BATCo), held at the Guildford Document Depository in Guildford, England. . . The British-American Tobacco Document Collection is the result of investigations conducted by Health Canada, Physicians for a Smoke-Free Canada, the Ministry of the Attorney General of British Columbia, the World Health Organization, as well as individual researchers. The documents range in date from the 1950's to the 1990's . . . This set of 10,000 documents will be added to as indexing continues.

A Play in Three Acts in which Big Tobacco learns that its product is one of the leading causes of death of the 20th century, decides to try to beat this problem, fails, and then digs in for the battle it knows will ultimately seal its destiny.

In May 1998, the tobacco companies signed a consent decree ending the historic litigation filed against them by the State of Minnesota and Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota. This represented a stunning victory for the plaintiffs. It left only partially addressed, though, the question of what to do with some four million documents, comprising over 25 million pages of paper, as well as video and audio tapes, that were collected in the course of the suit. Throughout the past year, the State Archives Department of the Minnesota Historical Society has been working to examine the long- and short-term options for using the tobacco industry records at the Minnesota Depository. This project is funded by Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota and the project partners include the Association of Non Smokers-Minnesota and the SmokeLess States National Program Office, headquartered at the American Medical Association, and funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

Featuring the complete 4B index, a database of the full-text searchable Minnesota Select Set with about 350,000 pages of viewable documents that were "selected" by Minnesota lawyers as key to the state's trial and a similar database for nearly 7,000 selected British American Tobacco Company documents stored in Guildford, England.

• Trial Exhibits The released documents, as they're released
• 04/24/98 Documents sorted by Chronology
• 04/17/98 TRIAL EXHIBIT SEARCH ENGINE
• 04/24/98 Sampler of the 39,000 documents Blue Cross website (No, the 104-page RJR report is not there . . . . yet.)

INDUSTRY SITES

"TobaccoArchives.com is a website available to the public and litigants that provides access to millions of pages of tobacco company documents that have been produced in civil smoking and health litigation in the United States. . . Many of the documents, enhanced indices and improved viewing capabilities arise from the November 23, 1998, Master Settlement Agreement between the U.S. tobacco industry and various states' attorneys general."

• Philip Morris Site (Gif and PDF files) (pmdocs.com)
• Lorillard Site
• Brown & Williamson Site
• RJR Documents Site
  • HRJR plans to put as much as 6 million pages here.
    
    During hearings before the Commerce Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives on Jan. 29, 1998, the chief executive officers of Philip Morris Companies, RJR Nabisco, Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. and Loews Corp. agreed to make public all of the non-privileged, non-competitively sensitive documents that their companies have produced during pre-trial discovery in State of Minnesota, et al. v. Philip Morris, Inc., et al., No. C1-94-8565 (2nd Dist. MN). This website was established as part of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company's efforts to honor that commitment.
• Council for Tobacco Research Site Here's the actual CTR Search Page [LINKS DEAD as of 7/8/00]
• Tobacco Institute Site To search by Bates number, you MUST put TIMN before the number, as in "TIMN0323525

Gravity, Inc., a Fort Worth, Texas evidence management and litigation support firm today announced the availability of the 39,000 newly released tobacco industry documents in CD-ROM format. . . For more information contact Roy Plattel, 800-324-5787, ext. 132, or email at plattel@gravitynet.com.

In April 1999, five members of B.C.'s legal team conducted research at the Guildford depository. The team requested copies of about 5,000 documents representing about 15,000 pages. Documents relating to Canadian operations of BAT and Imperial Tobacco Limited retrieved by the provincial government's research team are being posted on this web site.

The Guildford depository is comprised exclusively of documents from British America Tobacco (BAT). BAT is the parent company of Imasco (which, in turn, owns Imperial Tobacco Canada Ltd) and Brown and Williamson in the United States. Access to the Guildford depository can be made by contacting Mr. Martyn Gilbey at British America Tobacco (Globe House, 4 Temple Place, London, WC2R 2PG, Telephone 44 171 845 1466; Fax 44 171 845 2783). At the depository, access is provided to an electronic index of the files housed there. BAT does not make this index available off-site, but a closely-resembly version is found on this site. This index, called the "Guildford Index," is the solicitors' index of files in the Guildford collection in England.

As early as 1991, the Canadian Tobacco Manufacturers’ Council was already working hard to con governments into cutting tobacco taxes. One remarkable campaign, designed to look like a “spontaneous” protest by smokers, was code-named the Boston Tea Party Project, in reference to the American protest against British colonial taxation in the lead-up to the American Revoluation. Later, in 1993, the industry put together the “Quebec Campaign for Fair Taxation,” an effort to enrol retailers, tobacco growers and trade unions in the push for a tax rollback. In August 1994, after the tax rollback had gone through, Imperial Tobacco’s director of public affairs, Michel Descôteaux, reported back to headquarters in London about how the Canadian industry had succeeded in bamboozling the government into slashing cigarette prices by half. Investigative reporter William Marsden has done an excellent job of explaining these lobbying efforts: The documents to which he refers were brought back from the British-American Tobacco document depository in Guildford by Health Canada staff, and made available on-line last November: * “Boston Tea Party Project” * “Quebec Coalition for Fair Tobacco Taxation” (includes Descôteaux report to headquarters).

• The Infamous Sylvester Stallone letter
  
  As discussed, I guarantee that I will use Brown & Williamson tobacco products in no less than five feature films. It is my understanding that Brown & Williamson will pay a fee of $500,000.00. Hoping to hear from you soon; Sincerely, [Signature of Sylvester Stallone] Sylvester Stallone
• The Infamous Readin', Writin' and Smokin'

• Case History
• A Review of R.J. Reynolds' Internal Documents Produced in Mangini v. R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co.
• MANGINI Collection

Philip Morris and the Hospitality Industry - Our Mission: To Maintain the Ability for Our Consumers to Enjoy Our Products in Public Venues, Philip Morris and the Hospitality Industry, ETS World Conference, California Local Referenda Program, National Smokers Alliance 1994 Political Action Plan, Agreement between Philip Morris and the Chelsea Group

Are smoking lounges popping up at your formerly smokefree airport? Wonder if there's any connection between the lounges and the tobacco industry? Think it's strange that local elected officials, airport boards, and airport trade associations are meeting with the tobacco industry to discuss public health policy? Wonder no more; it's all part of the tobacco industry's strategic plan to keep smoking part of the scene in airports across the U.S. Tobacco industry executives and their lobbyists have met secretly with local elected officials, airport boards, and airport trade associations to pressure them to adopt "smoke friendly" policies. Meanwhile, smokers' rights newsletters urge smokers to deluge airports with requests for smoking areas. Read all about it in the tobacco industry's own words:

These seven documents tell a story of how Philip Morris and its lawyers, Covington and Burling invented and orchestrated controversy around passive smoking by infiltrating highly respected science and policy institutions and by buying up scientists.

• 07/16/98 FORMULA ONE and Tobacco: The World's most dangerous sport? UK ASH
  
  An open letter to Max Mosley, President of the FIA: . . . We were very encouraged by your declaration at the Australian Grand Prix that the FIA would end tobacco sponsorship by 2002, four years ahead of the time required by the EU Tobacco Advertising Directive, if you could be convinced that there is a link between advertising, sponsorship and smoking. . . . To this end, wish to offer evidence drawn from confidential tobacco industry documents released through litigation in the United States.

New British American Tobacco internal documents uncovered by ASH and The Guardian newspaper reveal BAT facilitating and controlling widespread cigarette smuggling operations in Africa. This builds on earlier revelations of the company's activities in Asia and Latin America and follows the European Commission's decision last week to take legal action against (as yet unnamed) tobacco companies to recover tax losses due to smuggling. Click here to see the African documents. The documents show that BAT acts through intermediaries to ensure that its cigarettes are sold in the illegal markets;

• African Documents

These documents are a fraction of some thirty-three million pages of tobacco industry documents now held at the State of Minnesota Depository. . . The documents provide insight into industry plans to weaken enforcement of and support for California's 1995 smoke-free workplace legislation, AB 13; industry efforts to form a network of groups to present the tobacco industry position thereby creating the sense of a grass roots movement; and the documents also reveal how well the industry understood the political nature of the anti-tobacco challenge, and how quickly the industry moved to engage the American Medical Association, the Western Center for Law and Poverty and other groups to undermine the California tobacco control program, which was funded by the 1988 passage of Proposition 99.

• DOCUMENTS RELATED TO CANCER-CAUSING NATURE OF SMOKING AND TOBACCO USE Nicotine and Tobacco Addiction
• Secondhand Smoke and ETS
• Documents Related to New Mexico
• Anne Landman's Tobacco Document Discoveries
• Scott Goold's Tobacco Document Discoveries

Cigarette Design: Compensation / Research at ITL's Montreal laboratories: Progress reports from 1966 to 1994; Research on 'biological activity' (cancer-causing qualities) of tobacco / History of Tobacco in Canada

• Anne Landman's Tobacco Document Discoveries Excellent presentations of Anne's earlier "secret" documents.
  

This collection of internal RJR documents focuses on the company's efforts to cultivate (and cash in on) the youth market, a predatory campaign that included the introduction of the cartoonish, and kid-friendly, Joe Camel character. These records were released in January by Representative Henry Waxman, one of Washington's leading anti-tobacco activists. . . Further proving that Joe Camel's a despicable hump, these documents include: Smoke Camel, Be Masculine (5 pages) The Hilton Head Manifesto (11 pages) Lucky Number 13 (1 page) Meet The Turk (1 page) Promoting Poison (1 page)

Recently-analyzed Philip Morris documents found on the Philip Morris documents web site provide further evidence of the relationship between Big Tobacco, public relations giant Burson-Marsteller (B-M) and their prominent front group, the National Smokers Alliance (NSA). The most incriminating documents are listed and summarized below along with hotlinks to their Internet sites. These documents eliminate any doubt that Big Tobacco and B-M are the sophisticated, invisible puppeteers behind NSA's well-funded efforts. Noteworthy is their reliance on local grassroots political campaigns orchestrated exclusively by B-M staffers.

• 1996 A 1996 Philip Morris Position Statement on a wide range of issues including "Handy Answers To Common Questions"
• 1996 A 1996 Philip Morris Issue Index that contains the issue, the industry positon and a selection of questions and answers on each issue
• 06/01/95 A Philip Morris Issues Training Manual distributed at a training seminar held in Hong Kong - May 30th through June 1st 1995
• 01/07/93 From Lausanne Switzerland, a piece criticizing the "Risk Assessment of Environmental Tobacco Smoke" released by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on January 7, 1993

• 1988 B.A.T Ltd. research report on Marlboro cigarettes
• Memo from former Philip Morris scientist William L. Dunn to Dr. Helmut Wakeham, regarding new research initiatives under consideration by Philip Morris in 1969.
• Memo revealing that British tobacco giant B.A.T Co. recognized in 1979 that tobacco's addictiveness was highly profitable

Part III: Selected Documents

1. There are biologically active materials present in cigarette tobacco.

These are:

a) cancer causing
b) cancer promoting
c) poisonous
d) stimulating, plesurable, and flavorful.
2. There is no reason why the poisonous group, CO, HCN, NO2, etc., cannot be reduced, even though they are not seen as a primary health hazard. Methods for removal are:
a) filtration (treated carbon, etc.)
b) treatment for removing precursors, CN elimination
c) addition as a reactant (urea for No2).

Mr. Wade opened the meeting by reviewing the current status of the AMA-ERF contract and asked for opinions from those present relating to alternative courses of action that the industry might take should the present AMA contract be terminated prior to the expiration of the agreement in 1973

Gori called a meeting on the subject of a "Low Tar/High Nicotine Cigarette." It appears that he has a slot available in a dog inhalation experiment (by next December) and he felt that he would like to use a cigarette having low tar/high nicotine (approximately 5 mg tar, 1 mg nicotine). He felt that this could be a possible or even a desirable product of three to four years hence and thus could be useful to the industry. He was not too set on the specs of the cigarettes, or what the tar/nicotine ratio was to be, other than that the tar level should be below 10 mg. He was willing to use a "nicotine cocktail" to increase the nicotine content of these cigarettes. There was considerable discussion about the problems at this time of treating tobacco with approximately 100 lbs. of nicotine in todays climate, due to OSHA, EPA, etc. It was the opinion of both Hughes and Gori that this cigarette, were it to be made, would have to be made overseas due to problems of governmental regulations. . . Gori asked whether anyone would make a commitment to do exploratory work and no one agreed to this on the spot, in view of the problems involving the addition of nicotine.

I would state our charter from Philip Morris in this fashion: Study the psychology of the smoker in search of information that can increase corporate profits. . . We sell a product that is bought often and used from 10 to 60 times a day, day in, day out. We provide a product that is the essential commodity in a habitual act. It is inevitable therefore that we focus upon habit-formation and habit maintenance, and that we make use of a conceptual model specifically designed to explain habit formation. . . Without the chemical compound, the cigarette market would collapse, P.M. would collapse, and we'd all lose our jobs and our consulting fees. 1. Is nicotine Component X? What is the lower delivery level limit beyond which the smoking act is not reinforced? . .Given a f ixed quantity of nicotine in the tobacco, what factors in the cigarette design determine its availability for delivery to the smoker? . . Is cigarette smoke the vehicle of a dependency-producing drug? What are the fundamental differences between the habit of tobacco smoking and heroin injection? . . We are investigating both whole smoke as the independent variable and nicotine as the independent variable. . . Brain waves are neurophysiological phenomena, but they are legitimate subject matter for us in that brain events underlie behavioral events. Smoke related changes in brain waves can give us clues as to smoke related psychological changes.

We cannot hope to win in a head-on confrontation. Our tactics must be to discover our opponents' weaknesses, attack those particular points, cause as much confusion as possible, and attack somewhere else while their attention is distracted. Our method of attack must be constantly varied so as to deprive our opponents of a clear target. Surprise is a key element. Applying this philosophy, we are continually studying our opponents and their strategy to discover any areas where we can embarrass or even defeat them. . . At Philip Morris, we have made good use of our film library as a means of informing influential contacts that there is a continuing controversy over smoking and health, despite the repeated denials of the anti-smoking organisations

The unanimous recommendation was not to participate but to undertake a long-range program to determine public attitudes toward smoking, particularly in respect to the relations between smokers and non-smokers and their rights and concerns.. . . The problem revealed by the research, however, is that both among non-smokers and smokers there is a prevalent belief that serious and fatal disease can be caused by other people's smoke.The result being that 71% of non-smokers and 51% of smokers have come to believe that it is true. If it were true, of course, it would be difficult to argue against restrictive legislation on smoking. The non-smoker's right to live would certainly supersede the smoker's right-to smoke. The non-smoker could reasonably refuse to negotiate on a personal basis a matter involving life or death.

As yet, public and leadership opinions cannot be shifted using themes related strictly to merits of the case because of the overriding shadow of the basic health issue and collateral legal shrouds. . . . T.I. should have a plan for raising much more "commotions' on social acceptability issues. As used here, a 'commotion" is something that a public affairs officer makes happen in order to publicly challenge erroneous conventional wisdoms about smoking, smokers or the tobacco industry. Examples of public affairs commotions are such things as stimulated editorials or columns, public hearings, conferences, placements on op ed pages, producing and announcing special polls, and assisting articles to be published in scholarly journals. . . The industry should carefully audit and appraise its governmental relations activities to make certain that growing public and leadership opinions about its undue influence are never buttressed by disclosures of industry improprieties or illegal actions. The industry's lobbying and campaign effects should not be ballyhooed. Our aim is a clean iron fist inside a clean velvet glove.

This letter confirms the agreement that has been reached between our two companies [Pinewood Studios, Philip Morris Europe] whereby we have agreed to include in our feature film currently entirtled "SUPRERMAN II" (the FIlm) exposure of the Marlbor brand name (the Material) on the following terms and contitions.

Christian Vogel, the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the SAWP Countermeasures Sub-Comittee . . . emphasized that there will be no platform speakers from the "other side" except Mr. Tibblen (WHO). Here it is felt that if Tibblen makes his point, i.e. that social conflict is purposefully and strategically used as an instrument of health politics, he can then be backed into a corner. The response to Tibblen will come from carefully briefed and placed floor discussion people. Vogel insisted that there will be control of every detail so that the results will be known; otherwise, there is no sense in holding a symposium. Vogel also indicated that the Verband has full control over the "IO," resulting from a long history of cooperation between the Verband and the "IO." . . . Mary Covington then raised the question that if the WHO speaker, Tibblen, were to have his position attacked and countered, wouldn't it be possible that someone would then "smell a rat"?"

I perceived -perhaps subjectively- that there is an unreconcilable difference between his position and the RJR policy, the U.S. Industry policy, and my own convictions. Dr. Blackman, in my Judgment, believes -possibly, at least in part unconsciously- in the philosophy of what is called the "safer cigarette" and in everything this implies. . . He also said that on some aspects of the smoking and health controversy he conveyed some information to them, which was contrary to their accepted beliefs, and they apparently declared that nearly all this was totally new to them. He also remarked that the BMA leaders were surprisingly sympathetic to the Industry's potential legal problems. . . I first talked about PETER LEE, an epidemiological statistician who was formerly employed full time by TAC, and who now is a consultant not only to TAC but also to BAT and Imperial. I stated that in my opinion Peter Lee's views were at variance with the scientific developments as I saw them, that Lee, in most instances, saw matters entirely from the views of the anti-smoking establishment. . .

We cannot hope to win in a head-on confrontation. Our tactics must be to discover our opponents' weaknesses, attack those particular points, cause as much confusion as possible, and attack somewhere else while their attention is distracted. Our method of attack must be constantly varied so as to deprive our opponents of a clear target. Surprise is a key element. Applying this philosophy, we are continually studying our opponents and their strategy to discover any areas where we can embarrass or even defeat them. . . At Philip Morris, we have made good use of our film library as a means of informing influential contacts that there is a continuing controversy over smoking and health, despite the repeated denials of the anti-smoking organisations.

Meanwhile, the Federal Aviation Administration is taking a hard look at airplane fires. We've already seen legislation which would hold smokers responsible for fires involving "drunk smoking." . . . We are monitoring the Federal Fire-Safe Cigarette Study as closely as possible. The industry has already selected its four representatives on the study panel, and we are attempting to place other friendly members on the panel. The Chairman of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is to direct the entire study. Terrence Scanlon is the Administration's nominee to fill that vacant position. He appears to be someone we can work with. As Bill Kloepfer mentions, our fire prevention program is in place from coast to coast. We continue to ensure that key legislators are aware of our positive working relationships with fire fighters. . . Before we began [in 1982], the fire service was slowly uniting against us. . . Uniformed firefighters were appearing at legislative hearings, writing articles and giving interviews, demanding cigarette regulation. . . By this past summer, several of the largest fire service groups were working closely with us legislatively and on the prevention of all kinds of accidental fires. We have been asked to serve on their boards. We are asked to give speeches and we are invited into the homes and private meetings of America's fire service. . . We are not out of the woods. . . But we face the rest of it with the fire fighters, and not with them against us.

Pervasive fear that if you fight too hard on ETS, it means conceding the primary issue. . . It becomes a question of who has the most stuff to throw. . . Create a bigger monster (AIDS) . . . Identify natural allies. Change nomenclature for issue. Develop public information network and network common language. . . . Infiltrate WHO. . . Acquire major media vehicle. Develop own radio programming. Adopt end game strategy. Maximise cash flow. . . Establish centre or grant at university to study indoor air. Sue the bastards! . . . Undermine (Surgeon General Everett) Koop et al. More movies featuring cigarette brands. Get best selling novel with subtle connections to evils of anti industry. Art philanthropy - shift emphasis to literary arts. Challenge tax exempt status of anti groups. Someone outside industry to talk about integrity in science. Re-examine sports promotion. Get Nader-like group to examine anti funding . . . Programme for journalism and law schools. Support social research on positive aspects of smoking to society . . . Help select next SG (Surgeon General) . . . Re-establish seniority system in Congress. Presidential primary initiative . . . Collect and use articles ridiculing antis . . . Involve non-smoker in mystique of smoking. Show smokers are more efficient. Fund lung cancer research. Do smokers have more fun? Condoms in cigarette packages. . . Make it Hurt. Let pols know down side of anti activity. To do this, we take on vulnerable candidate, beat him/her, let people know we did it. . . Need better term than "bad science."

• 890310 PROJECT VIKING Volume 1: A Behavioural Model of Smoking
• 911218 PROJECT VIKING: ITL documents: apparent difficulties and relevant facts

The strategy is fairly simple: 1. Heavily promote industry opposition to youth smoking. 2. Align industry with broader, more sophisticated view of the problem, i.e., parental inability to offset peer pressure. 3. Work with and through credible child welfare professionals and educators to tackle the "problem." 4. Bait anti-tobacco forces to criticize industry efforts. . . Contingency planning helps us anticipate and counter antis' claims. For example, TI might conduct its own "sting" operation to demonstrate (a) that "it took us 25 "stings" to find our first "It's the Law" violation and (b) that the industry is attempting to enforce its own code.

John Luik has informed me that he has received a preliminary reply from the Philosophy and Public Affairs Journal, asking him to consider certain changes in his paper. One of these, i.e., the only one of concern, arises from the assertion by the Journal's reviewer, who is evidently a scientist, apparently with some reasonably detailed knowledge about the EPA process and decision, that Luik's claim (on page 10 of this paper) that the EPA used BOTH a 90% confidence interval and a one-tailed test is "manifestly false". John Luik regards this as important to his argument and he finds the objection to his claim "disturbing". John Luik has therefore asked for our comments and suggestion as to how to proceed, as soon as possible. . . Only when we have received written confirmation of acceptance for publication will members be at liberty to deploy the article externally on a "pending publication" basis.

Philip Morris presented to the UK industry their global strategy on environmental tobacco smoke. In every major international area (USA, Europe, Australia, Far East, South America, Central America, & Spain) they are proposing, in key countries, to set up a team of scientists organised by one national coordinating scientist and American lawyers, to review scientific literature or carry out work on ETS to keep the controversy alive. They are spending vast sums of money to do so, and on the European Front Covington & Burling, lawyers for the Tobacco Institute in the USA, are proposing to set up a London office from March 1988 to coordinate these activities. The countries in Europe where they have already been working are the UK, France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, and Scandinavia (via Sweden). A list of potential scientists who could be contacted in the UK was produced.

This insider report on "Lobbying and Public Affairs Activities of Philip Morris and R.J. Reynolds" was prepared in the summer of 1995 by the STATE AFFAIRS COMPANY, a Virginia public relations firm whose chief client is the tobacco industry. The document draws on interviews with cigarette company officials to describe their advanced public relations campaigns, and details both overt lobbying efforts and stealth political operations such as tobacco front groups.

This document is a text reproduction of "activities reports" prepared by the public relations firm State Affairs Company (SAC) for its main client, tobacco giant Philip Morris. The records date from the summer of 1996, during which SAC ran "Contributions Watch," a phony research group that promoted the big tobacco agenda. The activities Philip Morris paid for included several efforts to influence the media's coverage of CW.

I confirm that BATCo will honour the provisions of the Minnesota Consent Judgment referred to In your letter. I suggest that the individuals who have encountered difficulties in respect of the Guildford Depository contact me direct

• Andrew Schindler, President, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco--Part 1
• Schindler, Part 2
• Schindler, Part 3
• Schindler, Part 4
  
  
• Alexander Spears, Chairman, Lorillard Tobacco Co.--Part 1
• Spears, Part 2
• Spears, Part 3
• Spears, Part 4