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Roger Allen Jenkins, Ph.D was a chemist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and has been called by defendant tobacco companies to testify as an Industry Expert. Jenkins performed studies funded by tobacco industry's front group "Center for Indoor Air Research" (CIAR), and subsequently turned out results favorable to the industry. He stated that he and his colleagues had developed study methodology with input from CIAR and R.J. Reynolds. Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) received $797,892 in 1993 for Jenkins to conduct a study titled "Determination of Human Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke." He testifies on behalf of the tobacco industry, but was barred from being a Tobacco Institute witness in the Florida flight attendants (Norma Broin) case on the grounds that R.J.R's assistance with his field work and lab analyses made his research suspect.
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After nine trials over the health effects of secondhand smoke on flight attendants, the defense has emerged victorious in all but one. The trials stem the 1997 settlement of a class action - Broin v. Philip Morris - which gave more than 3,000 fli ...
According to Benjamine Reid of Miami, who defended the tobacco industry in its most recent victory in November of 2007, the defense has typically argued that the injured was not caused by secondhand smoke because "in the environment of an airplane cabin, there is not enough exposure to secondhand smoke to cause any injury."
But the plaintiffs have not given up hope.
"We have a long way to go," said Edward Sweda
The tobacco industry, however, has escaped liability in 10 of 11 suits — the bulk of those involving actions filed by flight attendants — since 2001.
Last month, the industry racked up its latest victory in a series of lawsuits involving flight attendants who alleged that they developed cancer due to secondhand smoke on airplanes. The case was filed by a mother who claimed that her flight-attendant daughter developed lung cancer and died due to exposure to secondhand smoke on airplanes. Menchini v. R.J. Reynolds, No. 2000-20916-CA-01 (Miami-Dade Co., Fla., Cir. Ct.).
The Menchini case was the ninth flight-attendant case to go to trial since 2001. Juries have ruled in favor of the tobacco industry in seven of those cases, although a judge ordered a new trial in one of those cases. Another went against the industry, and yet another ended in a mistrial and was eventually dismissed.
"We are seeing increased victories . . . but the tobacco companies are the defendants here and they are certainly much more vigorous in their defense tactics than the defendants in the other types of secondhand smoke lawsuits," said Edward Sweda Jr., a senior attorney with the Tobacco Products Liability Project . . .
There are potentially hundreds more flight-attendant lawsuits awaiting trial, many of them stemming from a 1997 class action settlement that gave about 60,000 flight attendants the right to sue tobacco companies individually, Sweda noted. Broin v. Philip Morris, 641 So.2d 888 (Fla. 3d Ct. App.).
One Weston, Fla., law firm alone, Weinstein & Weinstein, has more than 300 flight-attendant cases still pending. . . .
Benjamine Reid of Tampa, Fla.-based Carlton Fields' Miami office, who was the lead lawyer for R.J. Reynolds and Brown & Williamson in the Menchini case, said the flight-attendant cases are not about whether second-hand smoke causes illness. Rather the question is: Does secondhand smoke cause illness in a particular environment, in this case an airplane?
The answer is no, said Reid, who convinced the jury in the Menchini case that the amount of smoke in the aircraft was not enough to make someone sick, "and there are a number of studies to support this conclusion."
Today a Miami jury found that R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and other cigarette manufacturers were not liable in the case of a former flight attendant who died of lung cancer in 1996. The suit was brought by Gloria Menchini, who claimed her daughter Annette contracted lung cancer from exposure to secondhand smoke on airplanes. "After hearing and evaluating all the facts in this case, the six-member jury agreed that exposure to secondhand smoke in airplanes did not cause Annette Menchini's condition," said J. Jeffery Raborn, senior counsel for R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.
Menchini Trial
*
Court: Circuit Court for the 11th Judicial District, Miami-Dade County, FL
Type of Case: Broin II Individual
Trial Start Date: November 2, 2007
Overview: This wrongful death case is brought against Philip Morris USA and other major cigarette manufacturers by Gloria Menchini, personal representative of Annette Menchini's estate. Annette Menchini was a former flight attendant, who was a member of the Broin class action. Gloria Menchini, the decedent's mother, alleges that as a result of exposure to ETS in airline cabins, her daughter developed lung cancer.
Patty Young of Dallas was a flight attendant for 36 years with American Airlines. In the 1980s, her testimony before Congress helped persuade lawmakers to ban smoking on flights, and she helped spearhead a major class-action lawsuit on the part of flight attendants. She spoke last month with assistant editorial page editor Michael Landauer:
You were a leader in the fight to get smoking banned on flights, and you have made the anti-smoking crusade your life's work. Looking back, was there one moment when you decided you were going to commit yourself to this fight?
The moment that my fight started was at the very start of my career in the summer of 1966 when nonsmoking flight attendants - we were called stewardesses then - told me that they were told by their doctors that they had the lungs of smokers. I often became extremely sick with severe headaches, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, blocked ears and constant coughing - often with flulike symptoms. I grew up in a home where my mother and father smoked - sadly, they have both died from lung cancer - and I was never sick like I was as a new flight attendant. . . .
If someone wanted to get involved, where should they target their energy?
People should refuse to go to places that allow smoking and also get involved in making their cities smoke-free by calling city hall and insisting on change. They should realize that when they go to places that allow smoking, they are putting themselves and their loved ones in grave danger for sickness and disease.
I was also exposed to second hand tobacco smoke during the flights, and on transoceanic flights this could be as long as 16 hours. As a non-smoker, I learned survival skills to cope with this hazard and devised ways to clear the air. For example, using my position on the crew as Purser, I would go up to the cockpit and request to have the no smoking signs turned on for fifteen to thirty minutes or I'd ask the pilots if the cabin pressure could be raised 1,000--2,000 feet. I would also take a few minutes to suck on oxygen in the cockpit to help clear my lungs. During the years when airlines handed out free cigarettes, I would "forget" to do so, and take them out of the liquor kits only when asked. When my flights ended, I personally reeked of tobacco smoke--in my hair, permeating my uniforms and even the clothes in my suitcases, which were stowed in the baggage compartment.
When I learned about the class-action lawsuit instigated by non-smoking Flight Attendants, I became involved with it because as a non-smoker, I have been diagnosed with a smoker's disease.
* "Patty, 'I was told by my doctor that I have the lungs of a smoker-and I have never smoked'." This intrigued me. After asking my own doctors and others I encountered how someone could have the disease of a smoker, never having smoked, they had no answers for me.
Bland Lane, an early advocate of nonsmokers' rights for airline flight attendants and passengers, and one of the founding Trustees of the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI) [http://famri.org/fa_history/index.php] has passed away.
Below is a death notice from the New York Times, [02/18/07]. John Banzhaf, Executive Director of ASH, mourns her passing, and hopes in this small way to recognize her remarkable achievements. . . .
The Board of Trustees of the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute FAMRI is very sad to announce the sudden and unexpected passing of our beloved Board member, Bland Lane, in San Francisco, on February 15, 2007.
Bland was an extraordinary and accomplished woman, who struggled to lead an active and productive life, while suffering from COPD that developed from working as a nonsmoking flight attendant for 48 years in smoke-filled airline cabins.
In recent years, Bland, along with fellow nonsmoking flight attendants, Patty Young, Lani Blissard and Leisa Sudderth, was a dedicated member of FAMRI's Board of Trustees, a court-approved, not-for-profit foundation that supports scientific research to combat the many diseases caused from exposure to tobacco smoke.
Breathing secondhand smoke appears to increase levels of two warning signs for heart disease, fibrinogen and homocysteine, British researchers report.
"The size of these effects were between about one-third and one-half that seen in relation to active smoking, which seems disproportionately large, but fits with previous studies that have shown similar effects in relation to disease risk," said lead researcher Andrea Venn, an associate professor at the University of Nottingham's Division of Epidemiology and Public Health.
The findings are published in the Feb. 13 edition of Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association. . . .
In other research involving secondhand smoke, the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute has awarded an $8.7 million grant to New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center and other hospitals to look at the lingering effects of secondhand smoke among nonsmoking fight attendants and other service industry workers.
The Florida Flight Attendant cases stem from the settlement of a class action against the backdrop of the States Attorneys General in 1998. The settlement resolved certain issues but left other issues to be decided in individual cases brought by individual flight attendants.
The Florida Supreme Court has cleared the way for more than 3,000 flight attendants to seek compensatory damages against tobacco companies for claims that they suffered respiratory illnesses from secondhand cigarette smoke aboard U.S. airline flights.
The ruling leaves in place a crucial decision by the state's 3rd District Court of Appeal that each litigant does not have to reprove strict liability by the tobacco companies for introducing a dangerous product onto the market. All the flight attendants must show, the panel said, was that they were exposed to secondhand smoke and that the exposure led to their health problems.
On Nov. 28, the Florida Supreme Court refused to hear the companies' appeal of a judgment in favor of Lynn French, a former flight attendant who said she suffered health problems while working aboard planes during the days when travelers could still smoke.
"[The Supreme Court's decision] now gives us the green light to move these cases forward after these years of delay, and it establishes what the issues are that remain to be litigated," said Miami solo practitioner Joel Perwin, who authored an answer brief opposing consideration by the state's high court.
A Florida Supreme Court decision could clear the way for trials on up to 3,000 secondhand smoking claims against the tobacco industry by flight attendants, a plaintiffs' lawyer said Tuesday.
The justices, citing lack of jurisdiction, refused Monday to consider an appeal by tobacco companies against a $500,000 award to former TWA flight attendant Lynn French. She suffers from respiratory illnesses and chronic sinusitis that she blames on secondhand smoke inhaled while working in airliner cabins.
French's case interpreted a $349 million settlement reached in 1997 between the tobacco industry and nonsmoking flight attendants in a class action lawsuit.
A series of mini-trials will decide whether individual flight attendants are entitled to additional damages and, if so, how much each should receive. Most of those trials have been on hold pending the outcome of French's case.
"Now, they have a road map as to how the cases are supposed to be tried," said Rhonda Weinstein, one of French's lawyers.
There will be no further appeal, said John Sorrells, spokesman for Altria
Today, a Dade County Circuit Court jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of Philip Morris USA and other cigarette manufacturers, finding that they are not responsible for the injuries a flight attendant claims were caused by her exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) while employed as a flight attendant.
Lorraine Swaty, a 58-year-old flight attendant for US Airways, claimed her chronic sinusitis was caused by ETS exposure during her career as a flight attendant.
Ms. Swaty flew domestic flights where smoking was allowed from 1965 up until 1988 when Congress banned smoking on all domestic flights two hours or less. She was not diagnosed with chronic sinusitis until 1994, six years after the ban.
“The jury decided this case on the facts, and the facts simply did not entitle the plaintiff to recover damages,” said William S. Ohlemeyer, Philip Morris USA vice president and associate general counsel.
A Florida state jury on Tuesday ruled against a flight attendant who claimed her chronic sinusitis was caused by exposure to cigarette smoke on airplanes, attorneys in the case said on Tuesday.
The six-person jury answered "no" to the only question it posed to it, which was whether the second-hand smoke was the legal cause of Lorraine Swaty's sinus condition, Steven Hunter, one of her attorneys, said.
The trial, which began April 26, concerned one of thousands of individual lawsuits brought by flight attendants in Florida following a 1997 settlement of a class-action lawsuit on the same issue. . . .
Swaty's is the eighth flight attendant case to go to trial since 2001. Juries have ruled in favor of the tobacco industry in six of those cases and against the industry in one case. Another case ended in a mistrial in May 2002 and was subsequently dismissed.
Lorillard Tobacco Company and other cigarette manufacturers prevailed today in a case in which a flight attendant claimed she suffered personal injury from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS).
The jury decision in the Circuit Court of Miami-Dade County was the sixth defense verdict in seven cases tried to a verdict in the Broin series of class actions, which stem from a 1997 settlement permitting individual flight attendant suits and related compensatory damage claims to go forward. . . .
"We are extremely pleased with the verdict," said Ronald S. Milstein, Lorillard's Senior Vice President and General Counsel. "We look forward to continuing our defense against similar cases."