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Uruguay's Congress passed a law on Friday banning tobacco advertising, the latest anti-smoking measure in a government-led crackdown, a parliamentary spokesman said.
President Tabare Vazquez, an oncologist, has taken a tough line on smoking. In 2006, his government passed the stiffest restrictions on smoking in Latin America by banning smoking in all public buildings, from bars to offices and shopping malls.
The latest measure, which Vazquez must still sign into law, prohibits the tobacco advertising on the radio and television, in newspapers and magazines and on billboards. It does not cover Internet advertising.
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Representatives from 35 countries are gathering in Montevideo, Uruguay on December 5, 2007 to work on knowledge-gathering and skill-sharing on the illicit trade of tobacco -- a global crime that contributes to higher rates of tobacco-related disease and death, helps finance criminal and terrorist groups, and robs governments of $US billions in revenue.
The December meeting of American Region delegates is a working conference to prepare for the upcoming meeting in Geneva in February 2008 when representatives of 151 countries will begin negotiations on the international protocol aimed at eliminating illicit tobacco trade. Combating illicit trade is a key provision of the world's first international public health treaty, the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) of the World Health Organization.
In December the Public Health Ministry (Ministerio de Salud Pública - MSP) of Uruguay released the results of a survey regarding public attitudes about tobacco issues and the 2005 decree on smoking in enclosed public places such as bars, restaurants, schools, discotheques, shopping malls, casinos, etc. (only in effect since March 2006). The survey, sponsored in part by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), shows substantial public understanding in Uruguay of the health risks associated with smoking and acceptance of the decree and its enforcement, despite lingering doubts about its effectiveness in getting smokers to quit or cut down on smoking.
The public smoking decree was part of a package of measures taken in 2005 in the name of implementing Uruguay' commitments under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Convention (FCTC). In May 2006 the President sent a draft law to parliament to codify the measures (laws are far more difficult to amend or repeal than are decrees).
The survey is unusual for several reasons. First, most PAHO-sponsored tobacco-related studies have tended to be historical — they study past trends, not current opinion. I hope this is not the last such study of existing and/or proposed LAC tobacco control measures — public health policies that have a better grasp of the public's understanding of the issues and acceptance/rejection of policy responses is always desirable.
Second, this is the first LAC poll I know of (if there are others I can be shown, I would be happy to be corrected) to look at implementation/enforcement of a specific national tobacco control measure — and more importantly, to be publicized by the government. This may be because the results favored the government's regulations, but be that as it may, I applaud the transparency and would urge other LAC governments to do likewise if they undertake such attitudinal studies, whether the results favor the government or not.
Third, frankly, the survey results themselves were eye-opening. Many LAC governments have justified reluctance or slowness to take tough action against tobacco products on the lack of public support for such measures. Is this because President Tabaré Vázquez, an oncologist, has made the case for tough tobacco controls more effectively than other LAC leaders? Or could it be that other LAC governments have under-estimated public acceptance of such measures? Probably only more surveys of this nature elsewhere in the region will answer that. . . .
This first graphic (click to enlarge) examines how convinced the Uruguayan public is about the health risks of tobacco.
Only rarely do Dr. Vázquez’s two worlds converge. He found time on a state visit to Italy last year to address a congress of oncologists. And in March, as the result of a presidential decree, Uruguay became the first country in the Americas to prohibit smoking in all indoor public spaces.
“The point is to diminish the number of deaths from cancer” and reduce demands on the health system, he said. “By 2020 more people will be dying from cancer in underdeveloped countries than the developed world, unless we start with intelligent policies on tobacco, chemical products and the like.”
Though initially criticized by restaurants, bars and casinos, the measure has been grudgingly accepted by Uruguayans. But that has not prevented a small joke from circulating here: “Thank goodness Tabaré is an oncologist and not a sexologist.”
Uruguayans are saying "adios" to tobacco smoke in workplaces, shopping malls and many other enclosed public spaces because of a new law promoted by a local cancer specialist -- who also happens to be the nation's president.
The law, which went into effect last week, aims to reshape the habits of as many as 1 million smokers in this small South American nation and penalizes lighting up in offices, shops, restaurants and other indoor areas.
Leftist President Tabaré Vázquez, a practicing oncologist who saw patients even as he took office, had pushed for the law. Its implementation coincides with the first anniversary of his taking office.
Uruguayans are saying "adios" to tobacco smoke in the workplace, shopping malls and many other enclosed public spaces, thanks to a new law promoted by a local cancer specialist _ who also happens to be the nation's president.
The law, which went into effect Wednesday, aims to reshape the habits of as many as 1 million smokers in this small South American nation and penalizes lighting up in offices, shops, restaurants and other indoor areas.
Leftist President Tabare Vazquez, a practicing oncologist who saw patients even as he took office, had pushed for the law. Its implementation coincides with the first anniversary of his taking office.
Uruguay imposed a ban on smoking in public spaces on Wednesday, the stiffest restrictions on smoking in Latin America.
President Tabare Vazquez, a practicing oncologist, was the impetus behind the government-decreed measure, which is among the world's toughest and is similar to bans already in place in Ireland, Sweden, Norway and Spain.
The ban prohibits smoking in all enclosed public places, from bars and restaurants to office buildings and shopping malls. The government says smoking causes 5,500 tobacco-related deaths a year. About 1 million of Uruguay's 3.2 million people smokes.
Workers spilled out on the streets during their lunch hour on Wednesday, many puffing away on local Nevada brand cigarettes and lamenting the new regulations in this tiny South American nation. . . .
Cuba imposed a smoking ban in most public places last year, but the measure has not been seriously enforced on the island famed for its fine cigars.
In Buenos Aires, across the River Plate from Uruguay, the first phase of an anti-smoking law also took effect on Wednesday, barring people from smoking in municipal government buildings.
Uruguay has become the first country in South America to ban smoking in enclosed public places.
The ban came into effect at midnight local time (0300 GMT).
Now bars, restaurants or offices where people are caught smoking will face fines of more than $1,100 (£630) or a three-day closure.
The ban was decreed by President Tabare Vazquez, who is a cancer specialist. . . .
President Vazquez said: "Passive smoking is also linked to chronic disease and premature deaths. Since there's not a secure level of exposition, the best thing to do is to ban cigarettes in enclosed places."
Passive smoking is also linked to chronic disease and premature deaths. Since there's not a secure level of exposition, the best thing to do is to ban cigarettes in enclosed places.Uruguay's President Tabare Vazquez.
Souza Cruz, the Brazilian subsidiary of British American Tobacco, has taken legal action against Compania Industrial de Tabacos Monte Paz SA, the Uruguayan tobacco company, for its alleged link with Brazilian cigarette smuggler Joao Celso Minosso.