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• Brazil adopts stronger pictures on cigarette packets in antismoking campaign 

Ten shocking images have been released by the Brazilian health ministry as part of its latest antismoking campaign. Cigarette packets with pictures and health warnings to deter people from lighting up have been in circulation since 2001.

The country was second only to Canada in adopting images as part of a strategy to lower the prevalence of tobacco use. . . .

See www.inca.gov.br/inca/Arquivos/Tabagismo/livroadvertenciascompleto.pdf for the images (text in Portuguese).

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Shocking images used in anti-smoking campaign  

SHOCKING images showing the dangers of cigarette smoking, including a foetus lying in an ashtray, have emerged in the latest anti-smoking campaign.

The 10 pictures are part of the Brazilian Health Department's new anti-smoking drive.

Images include a family at the bedside of a gravely sick man and a man suffering from impotence.

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Brazilian anti-smoking campaign serves up 'foetus in an ashtray' image  

Eye popping images showing the dangers of smoking, which includes a foetus lying in an ashtray, have emerged in a campaign to deter people from lighting up.

The 10 pictures are part of the Brazilian Health Department's new anti-smoking drive.

Images include a family at the bedside of a gravely sick man and a man suffering from impotence.

According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), in Brazil 17.2 per cent of 13- to 15-year-olds and 16.2 per cent of adults smoke, reports News.com.au.

The Cancer Council lists the smoking rate in Australia as 22.6 per cent of men and 17.6 per cent of women.

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Negative Impact Of Smoking Calls For Stringent Measures 

Smoking is a serious threat to the community and the impact on the public's health was sufficient for the government to take stringent measures in order to safeguard their health and lives.

Pehin Orang Kaya Pekerma Laila Diraja Dato Paduka Hj Hazair Hj Abdullah, acting minister of health was speaking during the launching of posters and no smoking signs to ministries and various departments within the government at Rizqun International Hotel in Gadong, yesterday said that the habit of smoking and the use of tobacco products have been known to lead to various negative effects on health and among the more common diseases known to have been caused by the habit is heart failure, cancer, strokes, asthma and respiratory failure.

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• Brazil spends nearly $200 mln on tobacco-linked illness  

Brazil's government spends at least 330 million reais (194 million U.S. dollars) annually on treating tobacco-related illness, the state-run Oswaldo Cruz Foundation said in a report Sunday.

Foundation economist Marcia Pinto based the estimates on spending by the Unified Health System on patients being treated for 32 smoking-related conditions. . . .

According to the foundation, the real spending may be much higher, as surgery and other specialized treatment were not counted and many diseases the World Health Organization defined as linked to smoking were not included in the estimates. . . .

"The tobacco industry must pay for the costs assumed by the state, and anti-smoking campaigns must be intensified," she added.

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2007年巴西对华烟草出口大幅增长2.2倍 

巴西烟草业协会会长斯库克（Iro Schünke）4日表示，2007年巴西对华出口了5.5万吨烟草，比2006年的1.7万吨增长223％，略低于对华出口量最高的2005年（6万吨）。

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Research and Markets: Get a Detailed Picture of the Tobacco Industry in Brazil 

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c77954) has announced the addition of "Tobacco in Brazil" to their offering.

Euromonitors Tobacco in Brazil report offers a comprehensive guide to the size and shape of the market at a national level. It provides the latest retail sales data (2001-2006), allowing you to identify the sectors driving growth. It identifies the leading companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market -- be they new legislative, distribution or pricing issues. Forecasts to 2011 illustrate how the market is set to change.

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• Research and Markets: Get a Detailed Picture of the Tobacco Industry in Brazil 

Research and Markets (http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/c77954) has announced the addition of "Tobacco in Brazil" to their offering.

Euromonitors Tobacco in Brazil report offers a comprehensive guide to the size and shape of the market at a national level. It provides the latest retail sales data (2001-2006), allowing you to identify the sectors driving growth. It identifies the leading companies, the leading brands and offers strategic analysis of key factors influencing the market -- be they new legislative, distribution or pricing issues. Forecasts to 2011 illustrate how the market is set to change.

Product coverage includes: cigarettes, cigars and smoking tobacco. . . .

Cigarette manufacturers continuously focus advertising campaigns with emotional appeal towards the female population, as they are expected to account for the majority of smokers in the country in the future. According to experts, women are beginning to smoke earlier than men are and are less likely to quit because there is greater tolerance from family members as well as society in general. Other forms of tobacco, such as cigars and pipe tobacco, are, on the other hand, expected to remain far more popular among men. . . .

Despite the slightly positive tobacco sales in 2006, the future is not expected to be so bright, as a result of the Brazilian ratification of the FCTC convention.

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Brazilian Attitudes About Cancer / Opinião dos Brasileiros Sobre o Câncer 

Synopsis in English: As part of its celebration of the 70th anniversary of its founding, Brazil's National Cancer Institute (INCA) has released the results of a May survey of 2,100 Brazilians 16 or older in seven state capitals . . .

Smoking was overwhelmingly recognized by survey respondents as a cancer risk factor: 100% said so in Florianópolis, Porto Alegre, João Pessoa and Goiânia, while 98.5% said so in RJ, 97% in SP, and 96.2% in Belo Horizonte.

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• World No-Tobacco Day in LAC: RIACT Launched 

Brazil's Health Minister, José Gomes Temporão, today announced the launch of the Ibero-American Tobacco Control Network (RIACT - Rede Ibero-Americana de Controle do Tabagismo in Portuguese, Red Ibero-Americana de Control del Tabaquismo in Spanish) to bring together the tobacco control authorities of (Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking) Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) with those of Spain and Portugal to cooperate, coordinate and collaborate in the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC).

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Warped Priorities 

A snapshot of the cost of tobacco addiction in LAC: yesterday Brazil's Getulio Vargas Foundation (Fundação Getulio Vargas - FGV) released research results showing that Brazilian households now spend more on cigarettes than on rice and beans, the staple of the Brazilian diet. . . .

The POF project found that in April 2007 Brazilian families with incomes between 1 and 33 official minimum salaries (R$380-12,540) spent 1.25% of their family budget buying cigarettes, but only 0.85% on rice and beans. By contrast, back in 2002-03 (when a comprehensive national survey of households was last undertaken in order to set the baseline) Brazilian families spent 1.03% on cigarettes but 1.3% on rice and beans. Since then the price of cigarettes has risen (while that of rice and beans has dropped), but families do not seem to be cutting back on cigarette purchases.

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• Brazil Learns What Works in Antismoking Campaigns: High Taxes and Graphic Photos ($$) 

The world is slowly learning how to curb smoking, and some countries are showing more success than others. In recent years, Brazil has taken steps that put it at the front of the pack.

Between 1989 and 2001, the fraction of adults who smoke in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil's largest city, dropped from 30% to 21%, compared with a drop in the United States from 25.5% in 1990 to 22.8% in 2001. . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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Do Tobacco Ad Bans Reduce Smoking Among Youth? Results of a Brazilian Study 

In the most recent print edition of the international scientific journal Addictive Behaviors is an article* by researchers at the Federal University of São Paulo (Unifesp) about the impact of advertising on the smoking behavior of Brazilian youth aged 11-18. . . .

A few cautions about being too quick and sweeping in interpreting this study. First, it is possible that any downturn in youth smoking in Brazil is due to more than just the ad ban. The two surveys took place roughly equidistant before and after the ad ban, true, but that was hardly the only public anti-smoking influence during the period under study. For example, during that period Brazil's federal government also banned the use of tobacco product brandnames and logos on non-tobacco products, enforced the ban on sales to minors, banned tobacco sponsorship of sporting and cultural events, stepped up public education efforts against smoking, and made cigarettes bear tougher anti-smoking messages and images. Some of the states in this survey even went further. . . .

So what can we say about this study? Well, that it provides a rare look at teen experimentation with smoking before and after an ad ban; that it hints that advertising/promotion and such experimentation are linked; but, in the final analysis, further, more finely-tuned study is needed before we can say with any certainty that such advertising bans actually contribute significantly to a decline in smoking.

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• Decrease in tobacco use among Brazilian students: A possible consequence of the ban on cigarette advertising? 

In 2000, cigarette advertising was banned from the Brazilian media . . .

In conclusion there was a significant decrease in tobacco consumption among the surveyed students, suggesting that the decrease is related to changes in public policy in Brazil over the surveyed period.

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Smoking-associated factors in myocardial infarction and unstable angina: Do gender differences exist? 

Unlike studies conducted with non-heart disease patients, our results do not show an association between smoking and depression. Compared with nonsmokers, smokers with acute coronary syndrome are younger, more likely to drink coffee, and less likely to perceive smoking as a heart disease risk. Male smokers are also more likely to drink alcohol, indicating that they use more psycho-stimulants than do nonsmoking men and women who smoke.

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